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2 Peter 2 |
King James Version
This chapter concentrates on the appearance of false teachers:
1. Appearance of heretics and their danger v. 1-2
2. Their judgment is sure v. 3-9
3. Their attributes v. 10-22
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2023-01-11
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2 Peter 2:1 But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.
Satan does not stop to deceive people by marring the truth through manifesting things similar to it. As the Holy Spirit works in the true prophets witnessing to the Lord, so the devil works in the false prophets. [Jer 14:14], [Jer 23:25], [Deut 13:1-5] As there are true shepherds, there are also false teachers.
The Lord Jesus warned us to beware of them (1), as St. Paul warned the bishops of Ephesus by saying, “And from among yourselves men will rise up, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after themselves.” [Acts 20:30]
Tertillian the scholar said: (2) {We should not be astonished that there are heretics, for the Lord has previously warned us about them, for they ruin the faith of some, but they are as a test of faith to purify us. [1Cor 11:19]}
Heresies have their disadvantages as well as their advantages. The disadvantages are:
1. They deny the Lord who bought them, reviling the precious blood paid for the true faith. (3)
2. Not only they perish but they attract others for destruction.
3. They sin against God, for because of them, they blaspheme the way of truth. In spite of them claiming that they are abiding by the Gospel, yet they deviate from the orthodox faith so they bring blasphemy on the name of the Lord.
The advantages of the heresies, as St. Augustine said (4) : {Heresies attract us to know the mysteries of God and strengthen our faith. My brethren, God uses even the evil for our own good, for the weak souls are troubled because of the heresies, but in the mean time, these heresies drive them to dig in the Holy Bible to seek the truth so they are nurtured with sufficient milk.}
Footnote (1) [Matt 7:15], [Matt 24:24].
(2) Tert: The prescription against heretics 1.
(3) Refer to [Acts 20:28], [1Cor 6:20], [1Cor 6:37], [Rev 5:9].
(4) Sermons on certain chapters from the New Testament.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 1-2
1But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.2And many shall follow their pernicious ways; by reason of whom the way of truth shall be evil spoken of.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:2 And many shall follow their pernicious ways; by reason of whom the way of truth shall be evil spoken of.
Satan does not stop to deceive people by marring the truth through manifesting things similar to it. As the Holy Spirit works in the true prophets witnessing to the Lord, so the devil works in the false prophets. [Jer 14:14], [Jer 23:25], [Deut 13:1-5] As there are true shepherds, there are also false teachers.
The Lord Jesus warned us to beware of them (1), as St. Paul warned the bishops of Ephesus by saying, “And from among yourselves men will rise up, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after themselves.” [Acts 20:30]
Tertillian the scholar said: (2) {We should not be astonished that there are heretics, for the Lord has previously warned us about them, for they ruin the faith of some, but they are as a test of faith to purify us. [1Cor 11:19]}
Heresies have their disadvantages as well as their advantages. The disadvantages are:
1. They deny the Lord who bought them, reviling the precious blood paid for the true faith. (3)
2. Not only they perish but they attract others for destruction.
3. They sin against God, for because of them, they blaspheme the way of truth. In spite of them claiming that they are abiding by the Gospel, yet they deviate from the orthodox faith so they bring blasphemy on the name of the Lord.
The advantages of the heresies, as St. Augustine said (4) : {Heresies attract us to know the mysteries of God and strengthen our faith. My brethren, God uses even the evil for our own good, for the weak souls are troubled because of the heresies, but in the mean time, these heresies drive them to dig in the Holy Bible to seek the truth so they are nurtured with sufficient milk.}
Footnote (1) [Matt 7:15], [Matt 24:24]. (2) Tert: The prescription against heretics 1. (3) Refer to [Acts 20:28], [1Cor 6:20], [1Cor 6:37], [Rev 5:9]. (4) Sermons on certain chapters from the New Testament.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 1-2
1But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.2And many shall follow their pernicious ways; by reason of whom the way of truth shall be evil spoken of.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:3 And through covetousness shall they with feigned words make merchandise of you: whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not, and their damnation slumbereth not.
Since they revile the precious blood shed for them using deceptive words “by smooth words and flattering speech deceive the hearts of the simple.” [Rom 16:18]
Therefore it was said that their judgment has not been idle and their destruction does not slumber”, even if they felt secure for this is a false secure, and the proof is that:
“For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but cast them down to hell and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved for judgment.” [Verse 4]
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:4 For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast [them] down to hell, and delivered [them] into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment;
We notice that saying “He cast them” in the past tense, means that this is assured for the future.
St. Augustine (1) used this expression to prove that the evil angels were not created like that, but by falling in sin, they became evil.
Footnote (1) Nature of good against wanichalns.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
Fire of judgment, and the rayless scenery of gloomy Tartarus.
Wherefore, in order to teach us this, he uses the examples of Sheol (Hades), and the love of women, and hell
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2 Peter 2:5 And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth [person], a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the flood upon the world of the ungodly;
This sentence is related to the previous one, “For if God did not spare the ancient world during the time of Noah who preached righteousness and they did not listen to him. God punished them with a flood, so how can He not condemn the heretics?!
He preserved Noah, who was the eighth person in the ark. Probably he entered after his sons and their wives to make sure that they were protected. Their few number did not prevent God’s care for them. Also, the multitude of the evil people does not prevent their condemnation.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
Let us turn to every age that has passed, and learn that, from generation to generation, the Lord has granted a place of repentance to all such as would be converted unto Him. Noah preached repentance, and as many as listened to him were saved.
every age that has passed, and learn that, from generation to generation, the Lord has granted a place of repentance to all such as would be converted unto Him. Noah preached repentance, and as many as listened to him were saved.
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2 Peter 2:6 And turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrha into ashes condemned [them] with an overthrow, making [them] an ensample unto those that after should live ungodly;
Turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah into ashes became a lesson for all the human history. Since their evil increased abundantly, then God has destroyed them; in the same manner every one who continues to commit evil and does not repent. (1)
God condemned them by destruction, as one who is sentenced to death, for the wages of sin is death.
Even in their destruction which is the fruit of their evil deeds, yet God can change that evil to the good of others so they may repent. God revealed how much He cares for His children, for in the burning of the two cities, God did not forget Lot with his two daughters.
Footnote (1) Refer to the interpretation of 7 (p. 7,8)
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
Of Abraham, proves that it was for the merits of righteousness, without observance of the law, that he was freed from the conflagration of the Sodomites.
Author: Tertullian of Carthage Rank: Author AD: 220
On account of his hospitality and godliness, Lot was saved out of Sod ore when all the country round was punished by means of fire and brimstone, the Lord thus making it manifest that He does not forsake those that hope in Him, but gives up such as depart from Him to punishment and torture.
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2 Peter 2:7 And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked:
Lot has put himself in the midst of the evil people, for he has chosen the fertile land and left the barren land to his uncle Abraham, therefore, he deserved to walk out empty handed.
However, Lot did not mingle with the evil people in their filthy conduct, but his soul was tormented day to day from what he sees and hears from their lawless deeds!
God delivered Lot [Gen 19:16] for not defiling himself from the surrounding environment for he was tormented from the lawless conduct of the evil people..
Verses that belong to this explanation: 7-8
7And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked:8(For that righteous man dwelling among them, in seeing and hearing, vexed [his] righteous soul from day to day with [their] unlawful deeds;)
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:8 (For that righteous man dwelling among them, in seeing and hearing, vexed [his] righteous soul from day to day with [their] unlawful deeds;)
Lot has put himself in the midst of the evil people, for he has chosen the fertile land and left the barren land to his uncle Abraham, therefore, he deserved to walk out empty handed.
However, Lot did not mingle with the evil people in their filthy conduct, but his soul was tormented day to day from what he sees and hears from their lawless deeds!
God delivered Lot [Gen 19:16] for not defiling himself from the surrounding environment for he was tormented from the lawless conduct of the evil people..
Verses that belong to this explanation: 7-8
7And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked:8(For that righteous man dwelling among them, in seeing and hearing, vexed [his] righteous soul from day to day with [their] unlawful deeds;)
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:9 The Lord knoweth how to deliver the godly out of temptations, and to reserve the unjust unto the day of judgment to be punished:
This is the result which the divine inspiration wants to declare:
1. In the midst of temptation, God distinguishes between the godly and the unjust who are reserved for punishment.
2. Leaving the godly to live among the evil people, God does not mean that He had forgotten the godly but He delivers them from temptation, like in the parable of the wheat and the weeds. The sower let the weeds and the wheat both grow until the harvest day.
3. God does not rush in punishing the ungodly but He keeps them under punishment for the day of judgment.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
For if we renounce these indulgences and conquer the soul by not fulfilling its wicked desires, we shall be partakers of the mercy of Jesus. Know ye that the day
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2 Peter 2:10 But chiefly them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous [are they], selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities.
“And despise authority. They are presumptuous and selfwilled. They are not afraid to speak evil of dignitaries, whereas angels who are greater in power and might, do not bring a reviling accusation against them before the Lord..”
We previously have explained that in the epistle of St. Jude.
They are very self opinionated and do not want to submit to the traditions which the church has received from generation to generation, but they interpret the Gospel according to their own private thoughts.
They do not want to follow the example of the humble angels who, although they are full of power and understanding and wisdom, yet they do not judge the devils but they leave the judgment to God. (Refer to the interpretation of the epistle of St. Jude, p. 9)
Verses that belong to this explanation: 10-11
10But chiefly them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous [are they], selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities.11Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:11 Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord.
“And despise authority. They are presumptuous and selfwilled. They are not afraid to speak evil of dignitaries, whereas angels who are greater in power and might, do not bring a reviling accusation against them before the Lord..”
We previously have explained that in the epistle of St. Jude.
They are very self opinionated and do not want to submit to the traditions which the church has received from generation to generation, but they interpret the Gospel according to their own private thoughts.
They do not want to follow the example of the humble angels who, although they are full of power and understanding and wisdom, yet they do not judge the devils but they leave the judgment to God. (Refer to the interpretation of the epistle of St. Jude, p. 9)
Verses that belong to this explanation: 10-11
10But chiefly them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous [are they], selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities.11Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
Of this same thing in the Epistle of Peter: "As strangers and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul; but having a good conversation among the Gentiles, that while they detract from you as if from evildoers, yet, beholding your good works, they may magnify God."
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2 Peter 2:12 But these, as natural brute beasts, made to be taken and destroyed, speak evil of the things that they understand not; and shall utterly perish in their own corruption;
Since they reject the truth and oppose it, then they become without understanding like the beasts. St. Anthony the Great said (1) : {These souls perish like the brute beasts, for their minds are pulled by lusts as the wild horses pull their passengers.} Moreover, they became even less than them.
A. The animals are brute by nature, while man has a mind, as St. Anthony the Great said: (2) {To help man in his relationship with God.} But when they deviate from what they y were created for, they become less than the animals.
B. The animals are created for hunting and destruction, however, man is created to live forever. St. Anthony the Great said (3) : {When a sane person examines himself, he finds what is beneficial for him and guides himself to salvation. However, he avoids what is harmful for him, when he sees strange things leading to destruction.}
C. The heretics, not only are ignorant about the truth but they attack the truth, though it would have been better if they would have been silent because of their ignorance.
D. The reason for their destruction is not outside of them, for they utterly perish in their own corruption, that is they surrendered themselves to destruction.
Footnote (1) Filokalia p. 41
(2) Filokalia p. 48
(3) Filokalia p. 21
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:13 And shall receive the reward of unrighteousness, [as] they that count it pleasure to riot in the day time. Spots [they are] and blemishes, sporting themselves with their own deceivings while they feast with you;
We see them as though they are successful in the world, for they have pleasure for a short day, which will end and the Day of Judgment will come.
This is their principle as the principle of the Epicureans, “Let us eat and drink for tomorrow we will die.” They rejoice for a temporary pleasure, ignoring the heavenly eternal pleasure. They follow Esau’s example who for the pleasure of eating lentil soup, he sold his birthright and wept bitterly, but was for no use.
St. Paul said, “For he who sows to his flesh will of the flesh reap corruption, but he who sows to the Spirit will of the Spirit reap everlasting life.” [Eph 6:8] Since they take their pleasure here, then they suffer over there in eternity.
The danger of those heretics are that “they feast with you”, that is they relate themselves to the banquet of Christ and consider themselves as members in the church while they carry all hatred and animosity.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:14 Having eyes full of adultery, and that cannot cease from sin; beguiling unstable souls: an heart they have exercised with covetous practices; cursed children:
Whoever lives in lewdness, his eyes become full of adultery, so he loses the simple eye which lights the whole body; and his eyes become dark and see only what is evil and do not cease from sin.
Those teachers, whose eyes are full of lewdness, do not cease to sin, tricking the unsteadfast souls through their outward appearance full of zeal, enthusiasm, chastity and purity.
They have a heart trained in greediness; they are children of the curse, that is their hearts carry what their eyes carry from lewdness. Their hearts are never satisfied, but they are in continuous greediness, not only in material things, but also in committing evil and in showing off and being self righteous, even on the expense of perishing the simple people and making them deviate from their simple faith! Thus they are called “accursed children.”
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:15 Which have forsaken the right way, and are gone astray, following the way of Balaam [the son] of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness;
They have forsaken the right way, which means that one day they were following the right way but they deviated from it. They were deceived by the way of Balaam who loved the wages of unrighteousness more than the service of God, so his mind was closed and could not understand. God has used the dumb donkey to rebuke the one who had lost his mind.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 15-16
15Which have forsaken the right way, and are gone astray, following the way of Balaam [the son] of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness;16But was rebuked for his iniquity: the dumb ass speaking with man's voice forbad the madness of the prophet.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:16 But was rebuked for his iniquity: the dumb ass speaking with man's voice forbad the madness of the prophet.
They have forsaken the right way, which means that one day they were following the right way but they deviated from it. They were deceived by the way of Balaam who loved the wages of unrighteousness more than the service of God, so his mind was closed and could not understand. God has used the dumb donkey to rebuke the one who had lost his mind.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 15-16
15Which have forsaken the right way, and are gone astray, following the way of Balaam [the son] of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness;16But was rebuked for his iniquity: the dumb ass speaking with man's voice forbad the madness of the prophet.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
Nor is it difficult for God to open the mouth of a man devoted to Himself, and to inspire constancy and confidence in speech to His confessor; since in the book of Numbers He made even a she-ass to speak against the prophet Balaam.
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2 Peter 2:17 These are wells without water, clouds that are carried with a tempest; to whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever.
They have a deceiving appearance from outside. When a thirsty man finds a well, he is pleased because he can drink from it, but when he finds no water, he is disappointed; and also like a farmer who rejoices with the clouds but soon it is carried by the wind without sending rain.
This reality will be revealed in the eternity, for “whom is revealed the blackness of darkness.” God is patient with them here on earth, but they are kept for eternal darkness.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:18 For when they speak great swelling [words] of vanity, they allure through the lusts of the flesh, [through much] wantonness, those that were clean escaped from them who live in error.
In pride and self righteousness, they claim that their teachings are correct, but in fact, they are deceived by the lusts of the flesh, that is by their own desires, and they attract people to cast them in what is worst than evil.
They offer great hopes and open the door to sinners, and they rely on their own philosophy so they deviate the sinners in their corruption.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:19 While they promise them liberty, they themselves are the servants of corruption: for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought in bondage.
They preach freedom, but unfortunately, they themselves are enslaved to sin because they are overcome by it. As the Lord Jesus said, “Most assuredly I say to you, whoever commits sin is a slave of sin.” [John 8:34]
Probably they used this nice word “freedom”, for which the Lord has come, incarnated, suffered, died, rose and ascended to heaven. All that so that He may ascend us with Him as free children and heirs of the kingdom. They used this word in a wrong meaning like:
1. To be liberated from the law by a mockery way. Father Theonas tackled this subject with Father John Kassian and Father Jermanios (1) . Father John said to Father Theonas (2): {The person submitting to the laws of the law cannot reach the perfection of the gospel, even if he brags that he is a Christian and is liberated by the grace of God.}
2. To be liberated from the order which the church has put for the sake of her children.
3. Liberty meaning chaos in worship, where each one does what he wants without any guidance.
Footnote (1) Kassian 21 (Rest during the holy fifty)
(2) Kassian 21 (p. 528)
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:20 For if after they have escaped the pollutions of the world through the knowledge of the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, they are again entangled therein, and overcome, the latter end is worse with them than the beginning.
After they preached the Lord Jesus as Savior, they go back to sin enslaved by it, then their end is worse than the beginning. This is like the parable which the Lord Jesus said in the Gospel of St. Luke [Luke 11:26]. After the devil has gone out of the man, he returned to the place from which he came, he found it swept and put in order, so he took seven other spirits more wicked than himself, so the last state of that man is worse than the first.
The cause of their state in the second time was:
1. Their ignorance is no more an excuse.
2. He who fell deliberately does not listen any more to anyone who guides him.
3. Falling deliberately drives man to despair.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:21 For it had been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness, than, after they have known [it], to turn from the holy commandment delivered unto them.
St. Peter excerpted this verse from the book of the Proverbs: “As a dog returns to his own vomit, so a fool repeats his folly .” [Prov 26:11]
Wallowing is the place for wallowing, and the mire is the black mud in which the pigs go into.
After they have heard and talked about the freedom in Christ, they go back to the life of captivity because of their evil and they become slaves once more.
St. Augustine said (1): {Though a good man is a slave, yet he is free, but though an evil person is a king, yet he is a slave.}
Footnote (1) City of God 4: 12: 3.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 21-22
21For it had been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness, than, after they have known [it], to turn from the holy commandment delivered unto them.22But it is happened unto them according to the true proverb, The dog [is] turned to his own vomit again; and the sow that was washed to her wallowing in the mire.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
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2 Peter 2:22 But it is happened unto them according to the true proverb, The dog [is] turned to his own vomit again; and the sow that was washed to her wallowing in the mire.
St. Peter excerpted this verse from the book of the Proverbs: “As a dog returns to his own vomit, so a fool repeats his folly .” [Prov 26:11]
Wallowing is the place for wallowing, and the mire is the black mud in which the pigs go into.
After they have heard and talked about the freedom in Christ, they go back to the life of captivity because of their evil and they become slaves once more.
St. Augustine said (1): {Though a good man is a slave, yet he is free, but though an evil person is a king, yet he is a slave.}
Footnote (1) City of God 4: 12: 3.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 21-22
21For it had been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness, than, after they have known [it], to turn from the holy commandment delivered unto them.22But it is happened unto them according to the true proverb, The dog [is] turned to his own vomit again; and the sow that was washed to her wallowing in the mire.
Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2022-11-04
The Cyrenaics say that virtue itself is to be praised on this account, because it is productive of pleasure. True, says the filthy dog, or the swine wallowing in the mire.
The forbidding of the flesh of swine also has the same intention; for when God commanded them to abstain from this, He willed that this should be especially understood, that they should abstain from sins and impurities. For this animal is filthy and unclean.
Therefore He forbade them to use the flesh of the pig for food, that is, not to imitate the life of swine, which are nourished only for death; lest, by devoting themselves to their appetite and pleasures, they should be useless for working righteousness, and should be visited with death. Also that they should not immerse themselves in foul lusts, as the sow, which wallows in the mire;
Author: Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius AD: 320
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